88% of taxpayers now take the standard deduction under OBBBA versus 70% before TCJA, because the nearly doubled deduction ($16,100 single / $32,200 married) exceeds itemizable expenses for most filers. Before TCJA, the $8,300 single deduction was low enough that homeowners with mortgage interest, state taxes, and charitable giving could often itemize for a larger deduction.
The $10,000 SALT (State and Local Tax) cap — also preserved by OBBBA — limits the deductibility of state income tax, property tax, and local taxes to $10,000 combined. This cap primarily affects high-income residents of high-tax states like California, New York, and New Jersey, who may pay $15,000–$30,000+ in state and property taxes but can only deduct $10,000. For these filers, the SALT cap partially offsets the benefits of lower bracket rates.
For most Americans, the math is straightforward: the standard deduction produces a lower tax bill than itemizing unless your combined mortgage interest, SALT (capped at $10,000), and charitable contributions exceed $16,100 (single) or $32,200 (married). A couple with a $300,000 mortgage at 6.5% ($19,500/year in interest), $10,000 SALT cap, and $5,000 in charitable giving has $34,500 in deductions — just $2,300 above the standard deduction, saving only $506–$552 by itemizing at the 22–24% rate.
*Assumes 6.5% mortgage rate, $10,000 SALT cap, standard charitable giving| Scenario | Standard Deduction | Itemized Deduction | Better Option |
|---|
| Renter, no donations | $16,100 | $2,000–$5,000 | Standard |
| Homeowner, $250K mortgage | $32,200 (married) | $28,000–$32,000 | Standard (close) |
| Homeowner, $500K mortgage | $32,200 (married) | $38,000–$45,000 | Itemize |
| High SALT state, high income | $32,200 (married) | $35,000–$50,000 | Itemize |